Rosmana A.P | Science | Scientific Facts

Circulation system is one of the systems that can be found in humans body. This system functionate for circulate substances which are needed by the cells body. This system consist of blood, heart, blood vessels, lymph, and lymph vessels. The blood circulation system is functionate to circulate substances in the body, whereas the lymph circulation functionate to return the surplus liquid in the tissues to the blood vessels.



This circulation system always working as long as we live. But, sometimes it is impaired by disease and abnormality. There are a lot of disease that attack the circulation system. Some of these disease even can bring someone to death. This is because some of these disease can harm the circulation system. Most of the disease that attack the circulation system are really dangerous. For example Leukemia, Schlerosis whether it is aterioschlerosis or ateroschlerosis, Embolism, and hemoroid. Beside these diseases, there are also genetic disorders that also cause abnormalities at the circulation system like sickle cell anemia, haemophilia, and Bombay blood type.

Leukemia is a condition where there are too many leucocyte (white blood cells) in blood composition. Then, these leucocyte "eat" the eritrocyte (red blood cells) instead of antigenic substances due to their surplus amount and their ability to digest cells that gulped by them.

Schlerosis  is a disease that clog the blood vessels especially the arterial capillary with plaque that made of lipid or calsium deposits in the arterial capillary. This deposits will inhibit the circulation of blood and cause hypertention. Schlerosis was divided into two kinds of schlerosis. Arteroschlerosis and Aterioschlerosis. The different of this two schlerosis is only the matters that consist the plaque. Aterioschlerosis caused by plaque that consist of lipid whether Ateroschlerosis caused by plaque that consist of calcium deposits.

Embolism is quite similar with schlerosis in some case. Embolism is a case where something clogs the blood vessels. Something that clogs the blood vessels is able to move. That's why embolism is different with schlerosis.

Hemoroid is a disease that caused by the dilation of the veins. Especially the vein vessels near anus. This dilation will cause pain when someone who suffer it trying to sit. It is because the dilation of veins are pressed when sit.

There are still a lot of disease that atack the circulation system. But, beside these disease, there are also genetic disorders that cause abnormalities at the circulation system. For example Sickle Cells Anemia, Haemophilia and Bombay Blood Type.

Most of genetic disorders are caused by the abnormalities at the arangement of codon in DNA. Nowadays, the abnormalities at the arangement of DNA codon for some genetic disorders are still unknown. Even, only the factors that cause this abnormalities are known.

For example Haemophilia. This disorder is caused by the absence of anti-haemofilic factor in genes. Whereas Sickle-cell disorder is caused by an abnormal form of one subunit haemaglobin. normal haemaglobin has a round shape (like a donut without a hole at the center of it), while sickle cell shaped like a crescent moon or sickle (like the letter C). These abnormal forms occur because the sixth amino acid of the β chain (composed of 146 amino acids), that consist of glutamic acid, which is polar that replaced by a valine which is nonpolar. These shape changes interfere with the ability to carry oxygen hemaglobin. In addition, hydrophobic attractive force causes sickle cell easily stick together in groups and block/clog the capillaries. This can cause inflammation, pain, organ damage, even death.

There are also genetic disorder that attack the blood type it was Bombay Blood Type. This blood type  that does not enter from the 4 blood types in ABO system, named Bombay Blood. This name was predictable. Bombay, is a city in India. Bombay named because it was first discovered in 1952 in Bombay, India.This blood is very rare, found only 1 of 250,000 in a population. Group O usually contain the most high amount H substance. Therefore O cells reacted most strongly with anti-H, but the Bombay Blood Oh it did not react with anti H. Tues Bombay Blood Oh this does not react with anti-A, anti B and anti-H. Bombay Blood occur because mutations fucosyltransferase.

There are still a lot of disease that attack the circulation system. Most of these disease really harm our live. so, if it is possible we must try to not get these disease. one way to prevent them is doing healthy lifestyle.